리눅스/스크립트/유틸2012. 10. 30. 10:04

PATH 변수에서 원하는 path 빼기

만일 빼고 싶은 패스가 /home/user/bin이라면, 다음과 같이 하면 된다.

PATH=$(echo $PATH | sed -e 's;:\?/home/user/bin;;' -e 's;/home/user/bin:\?;;')

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안드로이드/프레임워크2012. 10. 30. 09:49

Bionic libc

출처: wikipeida (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_(software))

The Bionic libc is a derivation of the BSD standard C library code that was originally developed by Google for the Android embedded system operating system. Bionic has several major Linux-specific features and development continues independent of other code bases. The publicly-stated goals for Bionic are:[1][2]
BSD license: Android uses a Linux kernel which is under the GNU General Public License (GPL), but Google wished to isolate Android applications from the effects of the GPL.
Small size: Bionic is much smaller than GNU libc (glibc) and somewhat smaller than uClibc.
Speed: Bionic is designed for CPUs at relatively low clock frequencies.

Bionic lacks many features found in full libc implementations, such as wide character and C++ exception handling support.[1][3][4] Also some functions defined in the Bionic header are still unimplemented, which may trigger unexpected behavior in some cases.[1][4][5][6]

As of Android Jelly Bean (4.1), bionic does not include support for Glibc's FORTIFY_SOURCE. FORTIFY_SOURCE is a feature where unsafe string and memory functions (such as strcpy, strcat, and memcpy) are replaced with safer variants (similar to BSD's lstrcpy and lstrcat) when buffer sizes can be determined at compile time. Future releases of the library plan to support -DFORTIFY_SOURCE=1.[7]

The recommended way of directly using and extending Bionic is with the Android Native Development Kit.

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IT2012. 10. 24. 10:00

iPad with Retina display 스펙

 

Color

 

Models

Size and Weight1
Height:
9.50 inches (241.2 mm)
Width:
7.31 inches (185.7 mm)
Depth:
0.37 inch (9.4 mm)
Weight:
1.44 pounds (652 g)
Height:
9.50 inches (241.2 mm)
Width:
7.31 inches (185.7 mm)
Depth:
0.37 inch (9.4 mm)
Weight:
1.46 pounds (662 g)
Learn more about iPad with Wi-Fi + Cellular

Storage2
16GB
32GB
64GB
16GB
32GB
64GB

Wireless and Cellular
  • 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz and 5GHz)
  • Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology
  • Model A1459*
    • GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
    • UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz)
    • LTE (Bands 4 and 17)
  • Model A1460*
    • CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (800, 1900, 2100 MHz)
    • GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
    • UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz) 
    • LTE (Bands 1, 3, 5, 13, 25)
  • Data only3
  • 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz and 5GHz)
  • Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology

Carriers

 AT&T, Sprint, Verizon

Display
  • Retina display
  • 9.7-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit Multi-Touch display with IPS technology
  • 2048-by-1536 resolution at 264 pixels per inch (ppi)
  • Fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating

Chip

Dual-core A6X with quad-core graphics

Cameras, Photos, and Video Recording

FaceTime HD Camera

  • 1.2MP photos
  • 720p HD video
  • FaceTime video calling over Wi-Fi or cellular4
  • Face detection
  • Backside illumination
  • Tap to control exposure for video or still images
  • Photo and video geotagging

iSight Camera

  • 5MP photos
  • Autofocus
  • Face detection
  • Backside illumination
  • Five-element lens
  • Hybrid IR filter
  • ƒ/2.4 aperture
  • Tap to focus video or still images
  • Tap to control exposure for video or still images
  • Photo and video geotagging

Video Recording

  • 1080p HD video recording
  • Video stabilization
  • Face detection
  • Tap to focus while recording
  • Backside illumination

External Buttons and Connectors

External Buttons and Controls

Connectors and Input/Output

Power and Battery5
  • Built-in 42.5-watt-hour rechargeable lithium-polymer battery
  • Up to 10 hours of surfing the web on Wi-Fi, watching video, or listening to music
  • Charging via power adapter or USB to computer system
  • Built-in 42.5-watt-hour rechargeable lithium-polymer battery
  • Up to 10 hours of surfing the web on Wi-Fi, watching video, or listening to music
  • Up to 9 hours of surfing the web using cellular data network
  • Charging via power adapter or USB to computer system

Input/Output
  • Lightning connector
  • 3.5-mm stereo headphone minijack
  • Built-in speaker
  • Microphone
  • Lightning connector
  • 3.5-mm stereo headphone minijack
  • Built-in speaker
  • Microphone
  • Micro-SIM card tray

Sensors
  • Three-axis gyro
  • Accelerometer
  • Ambient light sensor
  • Three-axis gyro
  • Accelerometer
  • Ambient light sensor

Location
  • Wi-Fi
  • Digital compass
  • Wi-Fi
  • Digital compass
  • Assisted GPS and GLONASS
  • Cellular

Audio Playback
  • Frequency response: 20Hz to 20,000Hz
  • Audio formats supported: AAC (8 to 320 Kbps), Protected AAC (from iTunes Store), HE-AAC, MP3 (8 to 320 Kbps), MP3 VBR, Audible (formats 2, 3, 4, Audible Enhanced Audio, AAX, and AAX+), Apple Lossless, AIFF, and WAV
  • User-configurable maximum volume limit

TV and Video
  • AirPlay Mirroring to Apple TV (2nd and 3rd generation) at 720p
  • AirPlay video streaming to Apple TV (3rd generation) at up to 1080p and Apple TV (2nd generation) at up to 720p
  • Video mirroring and video out support: Up to 720p through Lightning Digital AV Adapter and Lightning to VGA Adapter; video playback up to 1080p (sold separately)
  • Video formats supported: H.264 video up to 1080p, 30 frames per second, High Profile level 4.1 with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats; MPEG-4 video up to 2.5 Mbps, 640 by 480 pixels, 30 frames per second, Simple Profile with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps per channel, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats; Motion JPEG (M-JPEG) up to 35 Mbps, 1280 by 720 pixels, 30 frames per second, audio in ulaw, PCM stereo audio in .avi file format

Mail Attachment Support

Viewable document types: .jpg, .tiff, .gif (images); .doc and .docx (Microsoft Word); .htm and .html (web pages); .key (Keynote); .numbers (Numbers); .pages (Pages); .pdf (Preview and Adobe Acrobat); .ppt and .pptx (Microsoft PowerPoint); .txt (text); .rtf (rich text format); .vcf (contact information); .xls and .xlsx (Microsoft Excel)

Languages
  • Language support for English (U.S.), English (UK), Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Indonesian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Keyboard support for English (U.S.), English (Australian), English (Canadian), English (UK), Chinese - Simplified (Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke), Chinese - Traditional (Handwriting, Pinyin, Zhuyin, Cangjie, Stroke), French, French (Canadian), French (Switzerland), German (Germany), German (Switzerland), Italian, Japanese (Romaji, Kana), Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cherokee, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Emoji, Estonian, Finnish, Flemish, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal), Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin), Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Tibetan, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Dictionary support (enables predictive text and autocorrect) for English (U.S.), English (Australian), English (Canadian), English (UK), Chinese - Simplified (Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke), Chinese - Traditional (Handwriting, Pinyin, Zhuyin, Cangjie, Stroke), French, French (Canadian), French (Switzerland), German (Germany), German (Switzerland), Italian, Japanese (Romaji, Kana), Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cherokee, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, Flemish, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal), Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin), Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Siri language support for English (U.S., UK, Canada, Australia), Spanish (U.S., Mexico, Spain), French (France, Canada, Switzerland), German (Germany, Switzerland), Italian (Italy, Switzerland), Japanese, Korean, Mandarin (Mainland China, Taiwan), Cantonese (Hong Kong)

Accessibility
  • VoiceOver screen reader
  • Guided Access
  • Support for playback of closed-captioned content
  • AssistiveTouch interface for adaptive accessories
  • Full-screen zoom magnification
  • Large text
  • Option to invert colors
  • Left/right volume adjustment

Environmental Requirements
  • Operating ambient temperature: 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
  • Nonoperating temperature: -4° to 113° F (-20° to 45° C)
  • Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing
  • Maximum operating altitude: 10,000 feet (3000 m)

System Requirements
  • Apple ID (required for some features)
  • Internet access6

  • Syncing with iTunes on a Mac or PC requires:

    • Mac: OS X v10.6.8 or later
    • PC: Windows 7; Windows Vista; or Windows XP Home or Professional with Service Pack 2 or later
    • Download iTunes at www.itunes.com/download

In the Box
  • iPad with Retina display
  • Lightning to USB Cable
  • USB Power Adapter

Built-in Apps
  • Safari
  • Photos
  • App Store
  • Maps
  • Photo Booth
  • Reminders
  • Camera
  • Mail
  • FaceTime
  • iTunes
  • Music
  • Clock
  • Calendar
  • Messages
  • Newsstand
  • Videos
  • Game Center
  • Contacts
  • Notes

 

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IT2012. 10. 24. 09:58

iPad 미니 스펙

 

Color

 

Models

Size and Weight1
Height:
7.87 inches (200 mm)
Width:
5.3 inches (134.7 mm)
Depth:
0.28 inch (7.2 mm)
Weight:
0.68 pound (308 g)
Height:
7.87 inches (200 mm)
Width:
5.3 inches (134.7 mm)
Depth:
0.28 inch (7.2 mm)
Weight:
0.69 pound (312 g)
Learn more about iPad mini with Wi-Fi + Cellular

Storage2
16GB
32GB
64GB
16GB
32GB
64GB

Wireless and Cellular
  • 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz and 5GHz)
  • Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology
  • Model A1454*
    • GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
    • UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz)
    • LTE (Bands 4 and 17)
  • Model A1455*
    • CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (800, 1900, 2100 MHz)
    • GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz)
    • UMTS/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1900, 2100 MHz) 
    • LTE (Bands 1, 3, 5, 13, 25)
  • Data only3
  • 802.11a/b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz and 5GHz)
  • Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology

Carriers

 AT&T, Sprint, Verizon

Display
  • 7.9-inch (diagonal) LED-backlit Multi-Touch
    display with IPS technology
  • 1024-by-768 resolution at 163 pixels per inch (ppi)
  • Fingerprint-resistant oleophobic coating

Chip

 A5

Dual-core A5

Cameras, Photos, and Video Recording

FaceTime HD Camera

  • 1.2MP photos
  • 720p HD video
  • FaceTime video calling over Wi-Fi or cellular4
  • Face detection
  • Backside illumination
  • Tap to control exposure for video or still images
  • Photo and video geotagging

iSight Camera

  • 5MP photos
  • Autofocus
  • Face detection
  • Backside illumination
  • Five-element lens
  • Hybrid IR filter
  • ƒ/2.4 aperture
  • Tap to focus video or still images
  • Tap to control exposure for video or still images
  • Photo and video geotagging

Video Recording

  • 1080p HD video recording
  • Video stabilization
  • Face detection
  • Tap to focus while recording
  • Backside illumination

External Buttons and Connectors

External Buttons and Controls

Connectors and Input/Output

Power and Battery5
  • Built-in 16.3-watt-hour rechargeable lithium-polymer battery
  • Up to 10 hours of surfing the web on Wi-Fi, watching video, or listening to music
  • Charging via power adapter or USB to computer system
  • Built-in 16.3-watt-hour rechargeable lithium-polymer battery
  • Up to 10 hours of surfing the web on Wi-Fi, watching video, or listening to music
  • Up to 9 hours of surfing the web using cellular data network
  • Charging via power adapter or USB to computer system

Input/Output
  • Lightning connector
  • 3.5-mm stereo headphone minijack
  • Built-in speaker
  • Microphone
  • Lightning connector
  • 3.5-mm stereo headphone minijack
  • Built-in speaker
  • Microphone
  • Nano-SIM card tray

Sensors
  • Three-axis gyro
  • Accelerometer
  • Ambient light sensor
  • Three-axis gyro
  • Accelerometer
  • Ambient light sensor

Location
  • Wi-Fi
  • Digital compass
  • Wi-Fi
  • Digital compass
  • Assisted GPS and GLONASS
  • Cellular

Audio Playback
  • Frequency response: 20Hz to 20,000Hz
  • Audio formats supported: AAC (8 to 320 Kbps), Protected AAC (from iTunes Store), HE-AAC, MP3 (8 to 320 Kbps), MP3 VBR, Audible (formats 2, 3, 4, Audible Enhanced Audio, AAX, and AAX+), Apple Lossless, AIFF, and WAV
  • User-configurable maximum volume limit

TV and Video
  • AirPlay Mirroring to Apple TV (2nd and 3rd generation) at 720p
  • AirPlay video streaming to Apple TV (3rd generation) at up to 1080p and Apple TV (2nd generation) at up to 720p
  • Video mirroring and video out support: Up to 720p through Lightning Digital AV Adapter and Lightning to VGA Adapter; video playback up to 1080p (sold separately)
  • Video formats supported: H.264 video up to 1080p, 30 frames per second, High Profile level 4.1 with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats; MPEG-4 video up to 2.5 Mbps, 640 by 480 pixels, 30 frames per second, Simple Profile with AAC-LC audio up to 160 Kbps per channel, 48kHz, stereo audio in .m4v, .mp4, and .mov file formats; Motion JPEG (M-JPEG) up to 35 Mbps, 1280 by 720 pixels, 30 frames per second, audio in ulaw, PCM stereo audio in .avi file format

Mail Attachment Support

Viewable document types: .jpg, .tiff, .gif (images); .doc and .docx (Microsoft Word); .htm and .html (web pages); .key (Keynote); .numbers (Numbers); .pages (Pages); .pdf (Preview and Adobe Acrobat); .ppt and .pptx (Microsoft PowerPoint); .txt (text); .rtf (rich text format); .vcf (contact information); .xls and .xlsx (Microsoft Excel)

Languages
  • Language support for English (U.S.), English (UK), Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Indonesian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Keyboard support for English (U.S.), English (Australian), English (Canadian), English (UK), Chinese - Simplified (Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke), Chinese - Traditional (Handwriting, Pinyin, Zhuyin, Cangjie, Stroke), French, French (Canadian), French (Switzerland), German (Germany), German (Switzerland), Italian, Japanese (Romaji, Kana), Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cherokee, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Emoji, Estonian, Finnish, Flemish, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal), Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin), Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Tibetan, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Dictionary support (enables predictive text and autocorrect) for English (U.S.), English (Australian), English (Canadian), English (UK), Chinese - Simplified (Handwriting, Pinyin, Stroke), Chinese - Traditional (Handwriting, Pinyin, Zhuyin, Cangjie, Stroke), French, French (Canadian), French (Switzerland), German (Germany), German (Switzerland), Italian, Japanese (Romaji, Kana), Korean, Spanish, Arabic, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cherokee, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, Flemish, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese (Portugal), Portuguese (Brazil), Romanian, Russian, Serbian (Cyrillic/Latin), Slovak, Swedish, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
  • Siri language support for English (U.S., UK, Canada, Australia), Spanish (U.S., Mexico, Spain), French (France, Canada, Switzerland), German (Germany, Switzerland), Italian (Italy, Switzerland), Japanese, Korean, Mandarin (Mainland China, Taiwan), Cantonese (Hong Kong)

Accessibility
  • VoiceOver screen reader
  • Guided Access
  • Support for playback of closed-captioned content
  • AssistiveTouch interface for adaptive accessories
  • Full-screen zoom magnification
  • Large text
  • Option to invert colors
  • Left/right volume adjustment

Environmental Requirements
  • Operating ambient temperature: 32° to 95° F (0° to 35° C)
  • Nonoperating temperature: -4° to 113° F (-20° to 45° C)
  • Relative humidity: 5% to 95% noncondensing
  • Maximum operating altitude: 10,000 feet (3000 m)

System Requirements
  • Apple ID (required for some features)
  • Internet access6

  • Syncing with iTunes on a Mac or PC requires:

    • Mac: OS X v10.6.8 or later
    • PC: Windows 7; Windows Vista; or Windows XP Home or Professional with Service Pack 2 or later
    • Download iTunes at www.itunes.com/download

In the Box
  • iPad mini
  • Lightning to USB Cable
  • USB Power Adapter

Built-in Apps
  • Safari
  • Photos
  • App Store
  • Maps
  • Photo Booth
  • Reminders
  • Camera
  • Mail
  • FaceTime
  • iTunes
  • Music
  • Clock
  • Calendar
  • Messages
  • Newsstand
  • Videos
  • Game Center
  • Contacts
  • Notes

 

 

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리눅스/커널2012. 10. 21. 23:51

initarray_cache vs arraycache_init

slab allocation에서 나오는 두개가 헷갈렸었는데, 찾아보니 별거 아니였다.


initarray_cache는


arraycache_init는


결국, initarray_cache는 arraycache_init 타입으로 정적으로 만들어져 initdata 영역에 미리 준비되는(cache_cache 생성시 필요) 것이었다.

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